Gabcik, Jozef,
323,
331
|
Gajowniczek, Francis,
248
|
Galavata, Leibia,
246
|
Galen, Archbishop Clemens August Graf von,
261,
297,
496
|
Galewski, Alfred Marceli,
470
|
Galicia, Poland,
671
|
Galilee, Israel,
665
|
Galinski, Edward,
535
|
Galton, Sir Francis,
33,
30
|
Gamzu, Abraham,
371
|
Gangs, anti-Nazi,
502. See also Partisans; Resistance
|
Gardelegen, Germany,
604-5
|
Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Bavaria,
97,
98
|
Garrison Church,
61
|
Gas chambers,
551,
397
|
| | at Aktion Reinhard camps,
310
|
| | at Auschwitz,
305,
333
|
| | carbon monoxide and,
295. See also Carbon monoxide
|
| | at Dachau,
296,
393
|
| | decision to use,
235
|
| | diesel engine to,
299
|
| | euthanasia and,
569,
208
|
| | experiment,
291
|
| | at Majdanek,
344
|
| | at Treblinka,
345
|
| | Zyklon B,
212. See also Zyklon B
|
Gasoline bombs,
248
|
Gassing tests,
267
|
Gassing vans,
331,
348,
351
|
| | at Chelmno,
590,
285,
287,
300,
306,
325-26
|
| | elderly taken to,
278
|
| | at Riga,
329
|
| | at Riga-Kaiserwald,
284
|
| | at Sajmiste,
279
|
Gauch, Hermann,
524
|
Gaue,
49
|
Gauleiter,
49,
562,
467,
563
|
Gausebeck, August,
558
|
Gaylani, Rashid Ali al-,
226,
228
|
Gdansk, Poland,
589. See also Danzig
|
Gdynia, Poland,
511
|
Gebhardt, Dr. Karl,
384,
510
|
Gebirtig, Mordecai,
325,
336
|
Geheime Reichssache,
236
|
Geheime Staatspolizei,
63,
74
|
Gehsperre,
362,
363
|
Gelblung, Bayla,
577
|
Gelleri, Andor Endre,
623
|
Gemlich, Adolf,
35,
36,
37
|
General Association of German Anti-Communist Societies,
56
|
General Commission on Jewish Affairs (France),
223
|
Generalgouvernement,
300,
301,
342,
413-14,
510-11
|
| | death camps in,
575
|
| | "Final Solution" and,
271,
310
|
| | Gypsies deported to,
596,
201
|
| | Jewish obituaries and,
589
|
| | Jews in,
517,
363
|
| | Kraków as seat of,
575,
327
|
| | Poland's disappearance and,
551
|
| | Polish Jews in,
580,
337-38
|
| | resettlement and,
571,
295
|
| | Work Obligation decree,
576-77
|
| | Zamosc region,
390,
392
|
Generali insurance company,
690,
694
|
Generalplan Ost,
283
|
Genetics and Racial Science: A Photographic Portrayal,
89
|
Geneva, Switzerland,
38,
505,
293
|
Geneva Conventions Protocol,
43
|
Genewein, Walter,
341
|
Genoa, Italy,
495
|
Genocide,
59,
553,
449,
508,
572,
653,
656,
669,
671. See also Death camps
|
Gens, Jacob,
247,
247,
381,
457,
464-65,
479
|
Genzken, Dr. Karl,
384
|
Geringshof, Germany,
626
|
Gerlich, Fritz,
59,
59-20,
23,
24-29,
40,
51
|
Gerlich, Sophie,
29
|
German-American Bund,
50,
79,
80,
89,
501,
553,
556-57
|
German Americans,
532
|
German Armed Forces,
21,
56,
91,
244,
251,
288,
640. See also Wehrmacht
|
| | Air Force,
559. See also Luftwaffe
|
| | Battle of the Bulge and,
583
|
| | booby traps and,
267
|
| | border police,
290
|
| | Commissar Order,
232
|
| | Europe and,
250
|
| | Fourth Panzer Army,
366
|
| | fur coats,
284
|
| | Group East,
581
|
| | High Command,
518,
519,
524,
580,
223,
497,
542-43,
583,
640,
650
|
| | military decoration,
577
|
| | Navy,
91,
613
|
| | Nazi salute,
544
|
| | officers,
578
|
| | Operation Barbarossa,
238. See also Operation Barbarossa
|
| | opposition forces,
517-18
|
| | patrol in Belorussia,
258
|
| | POWs,
531,
626
|
| | recruits,
335
|
| | Red Army attack by,
333
|
| | Sixth Army,
271,
366,
421,
423,
577
|
| | Soviet territory,
258,
341
|
| | tanks,
551
|
| | troops,
502,
503,
518,
597,
213,
240,
575-76,
577-78
|
German Book Week (1941),
275
|
German Catholic Church,
542,
620
|
German Christian Social Party,
29
|
German Christians' Faith Movement,
288
|
German Communist Party,
59,
59
|
German Equipment Works,
469
|
German Foreign Office,
302
|
German General Staff,
579
|
German Institute for Scientific Pedagogy,
313
|
German Interior Ministry,
513,
599
|
German-Italian-Japanese Tripartite,
228
|
German Labor Front,
49
|
German Mini-Receiver,
533
|
German Ministry of Occupied Eastern Territories,
283
|
German Nationalist People's Party,
23,
48
|
German News Bureau,
71
|
German Order Police,
380,
671-72
|
German penal code Paragraph
575,
675-76
|
"German Policy of Extermination of the Jewish Race,"
295,
403
|
German Reserve Police Battalion
501,
334,
334
|
German Resistance,
479
|
German Revolutions,
41
|
German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact,
550-51,
578,
235,
237,
238
|
German Transport Ministry,
470
|
German Weekly for Politics, Economy, Culture and Technology,
88-89
|
German Workers' Party (DAP),
35,
36,
37
|
Germany,
45,
48-51,
361
|
| | administration by Allied Control Council,
628
|
| | Allies' role in Holocaust,
430
|
| | annexation of Austria by,
526-27
|
| | Anti-Comintern Pact,
507-8
|
| | antisemitism,
29. See also Antisemitism
|
| | bank closures in,
48
|
| | Berlin as capital,
28
|
| | cabinet of
5935,
90
|
| | children rescued by Britain,
546
|
| | China declares war on,
287
|
| | citizenship,
93
|
| | civilians,
604
|
| | company reparations,
690-91
|
| | condemnation of Poles helping Jews,
313
|
| | conquest of Greece,
229
|
| | crushing Polish underground,
556
|
| | Danzig seizure by,
560
|
| | death-camp deportations,
309-10
|
| | declares war on United States,
287
|
| | democratic constitution in,
36
|
| | denazification court,
663
|
| | deportees to Belzec,
308
|
| | disability checks to Nazi war criminals stopped,
694
|
| | East and West reunited,
573
|
| | Eastern Europe divisions of,
573
|
| | economic calamity in,
21-22,
23,
40,
41
|
| | euthanasia in,
569
|
| | Evian Conference and,
532
|
| | execution of POWs,
302
|
| | Fascism in,
26
|
| | flag,
90
|
| | French armistice and,
597
|
| | friendship treaty with Turkey,
234
|
| | goods, services boycott,
60,
61,
68-69,
71,
71,
89
|
| | Gypsies in,
77
|
| | identity and Holocaust,
665,
667-69
|
| | inflation,
553
|
| | Italy surrenders to in Rhodes,
478
|
| | Jewish cemeteries desecrated,
44
|
| | Jewish equality in,
28-29
|
| | Jewish government workers,
63
|
| | Jewish refugees in Holland and,
595
|
| | Jewish response to Nazis,
572
|
| | Jews and stripping of rights,
49,
513
|
| | Jews deportation, annihilation,
273,
309,
413
|
| | Jews exiting,
552,
563
|
| | military agreement with Japan,
519
|
| | nonaggression pact with France,
547
|
| | occupation of Athens by,
478
|
| | occupation of Denmark by,
488-89
|
| | occupation of Greece by,
224
|
| | occupation of Rome by,
479
|
| | "Pact of Steel,"
564
|
| | Poland and,
78,
573
|
| | propaganda poster,
382
|
| | refugees from,
200
|
| | reparations,
21,
632-33,
689,
692-93,
695,
698
|
| | Saar region and,
90
|
| | sanctions,
63
|
| | saving Greeks from starvation,
344-45
|
| | Slovakia ties,
524
|
| | Stangl extradited to,
676
|
| | surrender of,
579,
617
|
| | Technical Disinfection Department within Institute of Hygiene,
396
|
| | transportation ban for Jews in Greater,
315
|
| | treatment by Vatican of,
490
|
| | treaty with Japan,
203
|
| | troops deported to POW camps,
420
|
| | unconditional surrender of,
623
|
| | United States declares war on,
287
|
| | Vichy occupation by,
389
|
| | war reparations of,
20
|
| | wartime economy in,
567
|
| | Weimar Republic,
20
|
"Germany Calling,"
364
|
Geron, Bernard,
455
|
Gerstein, Kurt,
343,
353,
354,
359,
396,
627-628
|
Gerstein, Nina,
357
|
Gertner, Ala,
568
|
Gesamtverband deutscher anti-kommunistischer Vereinigungen,
56
|
Gesiowka camp,
549-50
|
Gestapo,
74,
505,
506,
555,
425,
432,
547,
670,
685
|
| | activities in U.S.,
558
|
| | arrest of Greek Jews by,
530
|
| | attempt on Hitler and,
540
|
| | Barbie, Klaus unit,
520-21
|
| | Baur and,
445
|
| | children shootings by,
341
|
| | Cuneo, murders,
611
|
| | Czech emigration and,
556
|
| | director of,
78
|
| | Division II,
395
|
| | Dzialoszyce Jews and,
361
|
| | Eichmann telegram to,
327-28
|
| | escapes and,
467
|
| | establishment,
63
|
| | euthanizing insane inmates,
589
|
| | executions by,
272
|
| | exterminations of,
241
|
| | "Final Solution" and,
294
|
| | Finnish Jews,
281
|
| | Freud's home and,
521
|
| | Fry and,
388
|
| | Goetzfried,
668
|
| | headquarters,
89
|
| | homosexual lists by,
508
|
| | imprisoning Crete Jews,
527
|
| | interrogation by,
401
|
| | Jehovah's Witnesses and,
571
|
| | Jewish emigration halted by,
220
|
| | Jewish underground executions,
263
|
| | Jews hiding in Warsaw,
502
|
| | Jews posing as Catholics,
486
|
| | Jews working for,
421
|
| | Lichtenberg arrested by,
252,
274
|
| | Metzger and,
298,
519
|
| | Mielec killings,
322
|
| | Operation Thunderstorm by,
551
|
| | partisan families,
467
|
| | pogroms and,
523
|
| | Polish gentile executions,
554-55
|
| | prison,
200
|
| | Roman Jews deliver gold to,
482
|
| | Section IV,
384
|
| | senior SS officers of,
581
|
| | shooting,
424
|
| | shooting Gens,
247
|
| | Stein arrested by,
344
|
| | in Warsaw,
575
|
| | White Rose arrests,
429. See also White Rose
|
| | Wirth in,
272
|
| | Wittenberg's surrender to,
465
|
Geto Nuovo,
24
|
Gfollner, Bishop,
57
|
Ghettos,
24,
549,
551,
551,
567,
571,
575,
576,
579. See also specific ghettos
|
| | children in,
234-35
|
| | establishment of,
576
|
| | Jewish Council in,
578
|
| | map of Polish,
582
|
| | model,
591,
281-82
|
| | origin of,
581
|
| | police,
216
|
Giado (Libya) labor camp,
319
|
Gide, André,
65
|
Gideon,
389,
426,
599
|
Gies, Miep,
486,
506,
696
|
Gil, V. V.,
312
|
Gilchik, Leva,
338,
409-10
|
Gildenman, Moshe,
370,
474,
485
|
Gillette, Guy,
497
|
Ginsberg, Hana,
378
|
Ginz, Petr,
298,
561,
564
|
Giraud, General,
415
|
Glanz, Michael,
442
|
Glaubensbewegung Deutscher Christen,
44,
56,
481
|
Glazer, Moses,
365
|
Glazar, Richard,
405,
406-7
|
Glazman, Josef,
487
|
Glebokie, Belorussia,
331,
473
|
Gleich,
444
|
Gleichstaltung,
73
|
Gleiwitz (Poland) slave-labor camp,
566,
524,
586
|
Glick, David,
513
|
Glinice (Poland) Ghetto,
227
|
Globke, Hans,
277,
673-74
|
Globocnik, Odilo,
593,
310,
379,
436,
467,
467,
625-26
|
Glücks, Richard,
586,
400,
459,
582,
625
|
Glustrom, John,
593
|
Gniezno, Poland,
354
|
Godesberg, Germany,
536
|
Goebbels,
686
|
Goebbels, Helga, Hilde, Helmut, Holde, Hedde, and Heide,
612
|
Goebbels, Joseph,
559,
253,
315,
315,
523,
610,
612,
613,
636,
670
|
| | on Aryan race,
387
|
| | concentration camps and,
390
|
| | Das Reich,
457
|
| | Der Angriff,
45,
58
|
| | diary of,
398,
449
|
| | films and,
508,
598,
202
|
| | German Book Week (1941),
275
|
| | Hitler and,
545
|
| | at Hossbach Conference,
518
|
| | Institute of the NSDAP to Study the Jewish Question,
500
|
| | Jews and parks,
543
|
| | Kristallnacht and,
544
|
| | news broadcasts by,
542,
260
|
| | propaganda sheet,
340
|
| | radio and,
533
|
| | Rath's death and,
523
|
| | Ribbentrop and,
566
|
| | Rosenstrasse Protest and,
431,
432
|
| | suicide of,
617
|
| | Warsaw visit by,
580
|
Goebbels, Magda,
315,
612,
617
|
Goebbels Schnauze,
533
|
Goerdeler, Carl Friedrich,
541
|
Goeth, Amon,
327,
428,
465,
494,
500,
698
|
Goetz, Adam,
511
|
Goetzfried, Alfons,
668,
670
|
Goeztfried trial,
675
|
Goga, Octavian,
524
|
Gold, Rabbi Wolf,
662
|
Gold,
616,
647,
669,
693,
694
|
| | bars,
666,
693
|
| | case,
688
|
| | surrender,
557
|
| | teeth, fillings retrieval,
300,
456
|
Goldberg, Rabbi Avraham Shalom,
370
|
Goldenberg, Myrna,
567
|
Goldhagen, Daniel Jonah,
670,
670-76
|
Goldman, Yitzchak,
423
|
Goldmann, Nahum,
513,
628,
662
|
Goldschagg, Edmund,
25
|
Goldschlag, Stella,
421
|
Goldstein, Endre,
522
|
Goldstein, Matilde,
522
|
Goldstein, Moritz,
522
|
Goldwasser, Chana Laja,
508
|
Goldwasser, Shlomo,
320
|
Golleschau, Germany,
590
|
Gömbös, Gyula,
531
|
Gordon, Patrick,
601
|
Göring, Hermann,
24,
38,
56,
505,
524,
559,
559,
284,
314-15,
523,
613,
619,
629,
632,
634,
634,
635,
640,
651
|
| | art collection,
616
|
| | art looting by,
318
|
| | banning emigration,
231
|
| | Brundage and,
507
|
| | captured,
623
|
| | cell,
636
|
| | concentration camps and,
71
|
| | Decree Excluding Jews from German Economic Life,
546
|
| | deportation halt by,
592
|
| | expelled from Nazi Party,
611
|
| | "Final Solution" and,
212,
294
|
| | Four-Year Plan of,
529
|
| | French surrender and,
597
|
| | Gestapo and,
63,
78
|
| | Heydrich and,
220
|
| | instructions to evacuate, eliminate Jews in German territory,
251
|
| | Jewish Emigration Office and,
555
|
| | Jewish political issues and,
540
|
| | Kristallnacht and,
67,
523,
542-43
|
| | and Madagascar Plan,
541
|
| | mass arrests and,
59
|
| | memo to Heydrich,
249
|
| | slave-labor request by,
512
|
| | suicide,
636,
652
|
| | Works,
343
|
Gorky, Maxim,
65
|
Gorlice, Poland,
350
|
Gorodenka, Ukraine,
334
|
Gorodok, Ukraine,
349
|
Gostynin, Poland,
576
|
Gotha, Germany,
591,
602,
603
|
Gothelf, Yaakov,
320
|
Gothelf, Yerucham,
320
|
Gottschalk, Joachim,
280
|
Governments-in-exile,
296,
320,
328,
371,
389,
425
|
| | condemnation of German actions,
301
|
| | Czech,
564
|
| | Poland,
445,
466
|
Gradiska (Croatia) concentration camp,
224
|
Gradowski, Zalman,
557
|
Graf, Willi,
429
|
Grafeneck euthanasia center,
519,
569,
599
|
Gråfin Mariza operetta,
564
|
Graftek, Baruch,
471
|
Grand Cross of the German Eagle,
525,
532-33
|
Grawitz, Dr. Ernst,
384
|
"Great Action,"
273
|
Great Britain,
45,
639
|
| | Allied invasion of North Africa,
334
|
| | as Allied nation,
399
|
| | Anglo-Polish Alliance,
567
|
| | annexation of Czechoslovakia and,
550
|
| | approving governments-in-exile condemnation of German actions,
301
|
| | Arab-Jewish state proposal of,
515
|
| | Arab-Jewish violence and,
504
|
| | Archbishop of Canterbury,
439
|
| | Armed Forces,
570,
570,
309,
375,
509,
658
|
| | Austria's independence and,
79,
83
|
| | Balfour Declaration,
656-57
|
| | Bermuda Conference and,
442,
445
|
| | bombing of,
202
|
| | bombing planes of,
563,
323,
483-84
|
| | Chamberlain as prime minister,
517
|
| | codebreakers learn of Soviet Jews massacre,
240
|
| | concentration-camp report by,
577
|
| | conscription by,
561
|
| | Czechoslovakia's fall and,
556
|
| | declaring war,
286
|
| | Disraeli as prime minister,
28
|
| | Eighth Army of,
386
|
| | emigration from,
200,
369
|
| | extermination of Jews,
397
|
| | Fascism in,
88
|
| | Fascist Quarterly,
89
|
| | first air raid against Berlin by,
201
|
| | first Jewish member of Parliament,
26
|
| | Foreign Office,
428-29
|
| | French underground in,
471
|
| | German conscription and,
90
|
| | halting immigration to Palestine,
216
|
| | Himmler's capture by,
553
|
| | Hitler offers peace to,
574-75
|
| | Holocaust victim accounts,
693
|
| | House of Commons,
545,
453-54
|
| | immigration to,
534,
581
|
| | Jewish Brigade,
475,
576
|
| | Jewish children and,
558
|
| | Jewish military forces,
366
|
| | "Jewish Plot, The,"
388
|
| | Jews in,
58,
23,
28,
47,
253,
362,
303
|
| | Kindertransport by,
546,
547,
564
|
| | mandate,
675. See also White Paper: British
|
| | mistakenly sinking ships filled with Jews,
619
|
| | North Africa and,
224
|
| | Palestine and,
648,
666
|
| | Palestine immigration and,
531,
555-56,
565,
582,
642,
666
|
| | Parliament,
293
|
| | Poland and,
550,
551,
560,
649
|
| | Public Record Office,
692
|
| | refugees and,
559,
209
|
| | Rhineland occupation and,
503
|
| | Ribbentrop and,
566
|
| | Riegner Cable and,
350,
390
|
| | ritual-murder book and,
454
|
| | riverboat Jews and,
583
|
| | Royal Air Force,
203,
467,
539
|
| | Royal Army,
614
|
| | St. James Palace Conference,
296
|
| | St. Louis refugees and,
561,
565
|
| | saving Greeks from starvation,
344-45
|
| | Soviet Union treaty,
246
|
| | Spanish Civil War and,
509
|
| | Sudetenland and,
535,
536,
537,
579
|
| | support of Jewish homeland,
34-35
|
| | treaty with Soviet Union,
323
|
| | Tripoli liberation by,
420
|
| | troop evacuation,
597
|
| | troops arrive in Anzio,
510
|
| | troops reach Bergen-Belsen,
605
|
| | Turkey armistice,
35
|
| | U.S. military-aid bill,
217
|
| | War Cabinet,
308-9,
538
|
| | war-crimes trials,
634,
687
|
| | war declaration by,
569
|
| | White Paper of,
560. See also White Paper: British
|
Great Depression,
88,
552. See also Depression
|
Great Synagogue destruction,
533
|
Greater Germany,
342,
367
|
Greece,
44,
45,
204,
301,
361,
406,
435
|
| | as Allied nation,
399
|
| | civilian executions,
224
|
| | deportations to Auschwitz from,
387-88,
506,
516
|
| | invasion of,
206,
226
|
| | Jews and,
59,
26,
577,
361
|
| | occupation of,
224,
229,
309
|
| | starvation in,
344-45
|
Greek Catholic Church,
440
|
Greenberg, Rabbi Irving,
338
|
Greenleigh, Arthur,
625,
648
|
| Greenspan Group,
405
|
Greiser, Arthur,
287,
287,
649
|
Grenoble, France,
534
|
Grese, Irma,
376,
484
|
Grobba, Fritz,
228
|
Gröber, Archbishop Konrad,
288
|
Grodno (Belorussia) Ghetto,
279,
408,
486
|
| | death-train resistance,
419-20
|
| | deportation to Auschwitz,
369
|
| | liquidation of,
419
|
Grodno, Poland,
91
|
Grodzensky, Rabbi Avraham,
376
|
Grosman, Haika,
472,
628
|
Gross, Abbe,
484
|
Grossman, Mendel,
296
|
Gross-Rosen (Germany) concentration camp,
229,
230,
230,
462,
566,
586
|
| | crematorium parts to,
574
|
| | evacuation of,
593,
596
|
| | liberation,
579,
623
|
| | march from,
592-93
|
| | medical experimentation team,
299
|
| | shoes,
621
|
Gruber, Martin,
25
|
Gruber, Mieczyslaw,
381-82
|
Grüber, Pastor Heinrich,
288
|
Gruenbaum, Itzhak,
417,
529,
628
|
Gruenstein, William,
425
|
Gruenwald, Dr. Kruza,
438
|
Grünberg, Simon,
246
|
Grunewald Stadium,
71
|
Grünewald, Adam,
499,
539,
607
|
Grüninger, Paul,
534
|
Gruppenführers,
477
|
Grynszpan, Berta,
523,
544
|
Grynszpan, Herschel,
522-23,
523,
540,
542,
544
|
Grynszpan, Zindel,
540
|
Guine,
571
|
Gunskirchen, Austria
|
| | liberation of,
620,
622
|
| | subcamp,
597
|
Günther, Hans F. K.,
39
|
Gurs (France) transit camp,
204,
205,
484
|
Gusen (Austria) concentration camp,
597,
600
|
| | liberated,
620
|
| | revenge,
623
|
Gustav Line,
510
|
Gustav of Sweden,
508
|
Gustloff, Wilhelm,
500,
501
|
Gustoff Werke II munitions plant,
487
|
Gutgeld, David,
329
|
Gutgeld, Jacob,
329
|
Gutgeld, Shalom,
329
|
Gutman, Israel,
209,
446,
623
|
Guttman, Hugo,
34
|
Guttmann, Mrs.,
467
|
Guttmann, Rene and Renate,
467
|
Guzanyatskii, Yakov,
262
|
Györ, Hungary, killings,
571
|
Gypsies,
23,
57,
77,
94,
201,
228,
311,
318,
390,
409,
412,
414,
421,
581,
653,
667,
681,
685,
695
|
| | boys castrated,
500
|
| | Buchenwald concentration camp and,
516
|
| | camp of,
290,
291
|
| | death camps,
528
|
| | deportation to Poland,
557,
592,
596,
399
|
| | gassing vans used on,
300
|
| | German restrictions on,
36
|
| | Jasenovac concentration camp,
232
|
| | legal system and,
501
|
| | liberated from concentration camps,
580
|
| | medical examination of,
203,
537
|
| | medical experiments on,
458
|
| | murder of,
47
|
| | murdered at Auschwitz,
422,
439,
549
|
| | murdered at Chelmno,
287
|
| | Nuremberg Laws and,
201
|
| | ration cards for,
567
|
| | Sabac murders,
272
|
| | Serbia and,
351
|
| | synagogue starvation,
393
|
| | in Western Europe,
24
|
| | woman and children,
320
|
| | woman's mug shots,
546
|